CAOG - PhD Students

Miss Ina Kristiana

Chemical Processes in Chloraminated Distribution Systems

Chloramination is the disinfectant of choice for the 550 km long Goldfields water distribution system in Western Australia, due to the greater stability of chloramine residuals, resulting in an improved microbiological quality of the water supply. Various chemical processes, such as disinfection by-product (DBP) formation and nitrification, occur in a chloraminated distribution system. In recognition of the long-term health effects of some DBPs, the concentrations of some DBPs in drinking water are regulated. Nitrification is a bacterial process, which leads to rapid decays in chloramine residuals, thus decreasing the distributed water quality. The aim of this project is to study in detail the chemical processes taking place in a chloraminated distribution system, with particular focus on DBP formation and nitrification. This includes identification of various chemical processes through an extensive sampling and monitoring study, investigation of chloramination DBPs through a study of mechanisms of, and factors affecting, their formation, and investigation of nitrification occurrence and its control. Outcomes will provide information for optimisation of chloramination practices and for development of better distribution system management strategies.

Supervisors

Dr C. Joll, Dr A. Heitz, Professor R. Kagi

Funding

IPRS, CRCWQT